WWJD @ MOA & MSP?

"If you're going to beat me with a baton, you might as well look me in the eyes." -Vanessa Taylor

Photo credit: Patience Zalanga 

On December 23, 2015 the Minneapolis chapter of the national Black Lives Matter movement staged a peaceful protest that disrupted thousands of holiday shoppers and travelers at the Mall of America, the Minneapolis city light rail, and both terminals of the Minneapolis airport. On the busiest shopping day of the year (two days before Christmas), BLM released an official statement declaring December 23 as "Black Xmas."

"Black X-Mas is here and there will be no business as usual until we get accountability
for our dead, and justice for the living. Instead of buying gifts to fuel this system,
Black Xmas is a day of action to reject the degradation of Black families and communities by police, politicians, and predatory companies, and declare our inherent worth.  We will disrupt business as usual until city, state, and federal budgets stop funding Black death and start funding Black future."

This is an incredible step forward for BLM and their fight for justice, but as you can imagine, the white community was in an uproar.

"You people are causing so many problems and you are ignorant racists." 

"You all are a bunch of uncivilized fools!! Why don't you get off the tax payers dime, and get a job!! This is for all the lazy blacks and whites that spend their time whining about everything like children. Grow Up if you want respect!" 

"You guys are a joke, get jobs, clean up your hoods, educate your children. Be a fucking father." 

I pulled these off the BLM Minneapolis chapter's Facebook page, where hundreds of similar hateful and racist posts exist.

The main issue people opposed to these protests have is that the actions at the airport caused people to miss flights home for Christmas. While I understand the inconvenience, the underlying message they are sending is that travel plans are more important than the continual suffering, oppression, and death of the Black community.

Protests in their very nature are meant to disrupt "business as usual." In addition to their demands for the release of the tapes of Jamar Clark's death, the prosecution of the police involved in his murder, no grand jury in that case, and the charging of white supremacists who shot five black protesters at the 4th Precinct shutdown, BLM protests so that those on the outside can understand how injustice disrupts their everyday. If you miss a flight you can catch another, but if your son, father, daughter, mother, sister, brother, husband, wife, cousin, aunt, uncle, grandpa, grandma, friend is murdered by unchecked police brutality, then that is a life lost that cannot be given back.

This is a legitimate organization with legitimate demands, actions, and protests. As a Christian, I cannot help but ask the question: what would Jesus do in this exact circumstance?

.......

Let's turn to Luke 10:25-37.

Just then an expert in the law stood up to test [Jesus], saying, "Teacher, what must I do to inherit eternal life?" 

"What is written in the law?" He asked him, "How do you read it?"

He answered: Love the Lord your God with all your heart, with all your soul, with all your strength, and with all your mind; and your neighbor as yourself.

"You've answered correctly," He told him. "Do this and you will live."

But wanting to justify himself, he asked Jesus, "And who is my neighbor?"

Jesus took up the question and said: "A man was going down from Jerusalem to Jericho and fell into the hands of robbers. They stripped him, beat him up, and fled, leaving him half dead. A priest happened to be going down that road. When he saw him, he passed by on the other side. In the same way, a Levite, when he arrived at the place and saw him, passed by on the other side. But a Samaritan on his journey came up to him, and when he saw the man, he had compassion. He went over to him and bandaged his wounds, pouring on olive oil and wine. Then he put him on his own animal, brought him to an inn, and took care of him. The next day he took out two denarii, gave them to the innkeeper, and said, 'Take care of him. When I come back I'll reimburse you for whatever extra you spend.'

"Which of these three do you think proved to be a neighbor to the man who fell into the hands of the robbers?"

 "The one who showed mercy to him," he said. 

Then Jesus told him, "Go and do the same." 

In order to understand the cultural significance of this story, let's explore the three men who travelled the road.

• The Priest and the Levite: these are two religious leaders within Jewish society. Many who were listening to this story would have initially identified with or aspired to be like these two characters. 
• The Samaritan: the Jews and Samaritans had a less-than-friendly relationship. With cultural, religious, and ethnic differences these two people groups were taught to hate each other. 

So when Jesus challenges the Jewish audience to be like the merciful Samaritan, they were probably initially defensive– because these are the people they were supposed to hate, right? And when he dared to present the religious leaders in a negative light, they were probably initially shocked– because these are the people they were supposed to admire, right?

Let's move this into our own context. 

The Black community is continually being beaten and killed by the police community. Yet many white Christians and Christian leaders are standing by the wayside, even moving further away, pretending nothing is actually happening. According to the story of the Good Samaritan, what does Jesus want us to do? 

BE LIKE THE SAMARITAN! 

There are many instances when Jesus was traveling and his journey was "inconvenienced" by the marginalized demanding justice. 

• The hemorrhaging woman who touched Jesus' garments as he was traveling to heal a dying girl: Luke 8:40-48
• The two blind men who followed Jesus on the road crying for mercy: Matthew 9:27-31
• The blind man who cried out to Jesus as he was traveling to Jericho: Luke 18:35-43
• The Canaanite woman who demanded the healing of her daughter as Jesus was withdrawing to Tyre: Matthew 15:21-28

The list could continue. Jesus never turned away from cries of injustice, even if it inconvenienced his travel plans. That being said, if Jesus was in a taxi on his way to the airport and missed his flight because of BLM demanding justice, I believe he would have gotten out of the taxi and stood in solidarity with them. 

Jesus' very life was a peaceful protest to the unjust power systems of his day. Why do you think the majority of his followers were tax collectors, prostitutes, fishermen, women, and many other members of marginalized groups? Because the message he was teaching was one of justice, equality, mercy, and love. The religious elite were threatened by his movement because their power and privilege was threatened. 

But guess what? In the rule and reign of God, there is no power structure, there is no privilege, and there is no oppression. All of humanity is one. So perhaps we should stand with the oppressed now, because one day "death will no longer exist; grief, crying, and pain will exist no longer, because the previous things have passed away." (Revelation 21:4) Some day, all will be made new– the valleys will be raised and the mountains made low.

.......

I am still learning how to be an ally, and I will always be learning how to love others and stand for justice. Yet the song Us For Them by Gungor has been very encouraging on this journey. It speaks to the solidarity and equality that the people of God are called to, and the life of love we ought to lead.  

We reject the either or

They can't define us anymore

Cause if it's us or them

It's us for them

Prepare the way of the Lord

Wielding mercy like a sword

Every mountaintop will be made low

Know, He holds the earth like dust

And His judgement comes to us

And His judgement is love

May our judgement be love

True peace is not merely the absence of tension,

it is the presence of justice.   

-Martin Luther King Jr. 

Jesus Loves the Immigrants and Refugees

It has been an incredible and humbling experience to journey through the nativity story through the lens of the marginalized, and I am excited to wrap it up with a conversation on immigration. I have been looking forward to this post from the beginning, but now that the time has come, I do not know where to start.

In conversations such as these, it is important to be aware of our social identities. I am a white, 22-year-old Christian woman attending seminary. I am straight, married, have healthcare, and earn enough money to live relatively comfortably. I was born and raised in the United States and have never been persecuted for my faith. I am not scared for my life, I have an American passport, and all members of my immediate family are alive and in good health.

That being said, I am no expert on immigration, nor do I claim to relate to the experiences of refugees. I do, however, believe that within my context, this is something I need to care about. Jesus was a refugee, and the Bible is flooded with commands to love the widow, the orphan, and the foreigner.

This is a picture of Syrian refugees. I am sure you have all seen heart-wrenching images of Syrian families floating on the coast of Greece, scared, cold, wet, alone, and barely alive. But that's happening over there, not over here. So we keep scrolling through our news feed onto more important matters, like Star Wars.

So if you would, pause with me for a moment and take the time to read this post dedicated to the story of Jesus as a refugee and what that means for us.

After [the Magi] were gone, an angel of the Lord suddenly appeared to Joseph in a dream saying, 

"Get up! Take the child and His mother, flee to Egypt, and stay there until I tell you. 

For Herod is about to search for the child to destroy Him."

So he got up, took the child and His mother during the night, and escaped to Egypt. 

He stayed there until Herod's death, so that what was spoken by the Lord through the prophet 

might be fulfilled: Out of Egypt I called My Son.

Then Herod, when he saw that he had been outwitted by the wise men, flew into a rage. 

He gave orders to massacre all the male children in and around Bethlehem who were two years

old and under, in keeping with the time he had learned from the wise men.

Then what was spoken through Jeremiah the prophet was fulfilled:

A voice was heard in Ramah, 

weeping, and great mourning, 

Rachel weeping for her children;

and she refused to be consoled,

because they were no more.

Matthew 2:13-18

Egypt traditionally provided refuge for those who were fleeing the deathly power of rulers: Jeroboam from Solomon (1 Kings 11:40), the prophet Uriah from King Johoiakim (Jeremiah 26:21), the High Priest Onias from Antiochus (Josephus, Ant. 12.387). While this story also invokes similarities to the story of Moses delivering Israel out of Egypt. In fact, there are many similarities to the flights of Jesus and Moses in Exodus 2.

• The ruling power issue attacks on male children
• God's protection through exile
• Returning from exile after a revelation of the ruling power's death
• Saved in order to save God's people

Meanwhile, Herod is paralleled with Pharaoh as both portray pervasive oppressive and destructive ways of rulers misusing their power. So when Matthew's Jewish Christian audience heard this story, they undoubtedly recalled these stories from the Scriptures and made parallels between Moses' deliverance of Israel and Jesus' deliverance of Israel.

This is easily the most overlooked part of the story, yet it is the most important. Jesus was not born into a peaceful world, rather a tumultuous and corrupt world riddled with oppressive power systems. Jesus was born into a genocide dictated by a fearful and corrupt ruler. So this poor family leaves its homeland, crosses borders, and lives as foreigners in a foreign land. Like many other immigrant before and after them, Jesus and his family are political refugees seeking asylum wherever they are welcome.

This changes the Christmas story a little bit, doesn't it?

Immigration happens for two reasons: there is a PUSH or a PULL. Most often it's the former. Refugees and immigrants are pushed out of their home country due to abuses of power and the unjust systems that sustain them. In other circumstances, they can be pulled out of their countries by the promise of a better life, money, and more opportunities for their children. 

For Jesus and his family it was a push: genocide of all baby boys around Bethlehem under two. 

For the Syrian refugees it is a little more complicated. 

• Violence: According to the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, since the Syrian civil war began hundreds of thousands have been killed and upwards 1.5 million have been injured and/or permanently disabled. Foreign powers becoming involved has only escalated this violence. 
• Collapsed Infrastructure: Within Syria, the economy, healthcare, and education systems have all crashed. 
• Children's safety: Syrian children no longer have access to education, they have witnessed great cruelty and violence, lost families and loved ones, and are being abducted to serve as child fighters, humans shields, and prostitutes. 

This is messy and dangerous, and people are becoming desperate. Yet what are we doing? Allowing our fear and bigotry to inform our praxis. There are people within our country advocating for closing our doors to these refugees!

How the hell can this actually be happening? Have we become so calloused and comfortable to not welcome those who desperately need safety and shelter because we are afraid of them?

To my Christian brothers and sisters, JESUS WAS A REFUGEE. Our story would probably look a whole lot different if Egypt decided to close its doors to the Israel refugees because they were afraid of them.

To my country, THE FIRST SETTLERS WERE RELIGIOUS REFUGEES. Granted, they later performed unspeakable acts of violence and genocide on Native Americans, but stop using the excuse that this is "our country." We are immigrants just as much as the Syrian, Mexican, Somalian, Hmong immigrants are immigrants.

........

In the wake of immigration debates and movements to close our borders, and in the midst of racist and fearful social media posts, let us remember the words of Jesus.

For I was hungry and  you gave Me something to eat;

I was thirsty and you gave Me something to drink;

I was a stranger and you took Me in;

I was naked and you clothed Me, 

Sick and you took care of Me;

I was in prison and you visited Me...

Whatever you did  for the least of these brothers of Mine,

you did  for Me. 

For I was hungry and  you gave Me nothing to eat;

I was thirsty and you gave Me nothing to drink;

I was a stranger and you did not take Me in;

I was naked and you did not clothe Me, 

Sick and in prison and you did not take care of Me...

Whatever you did not do for the least of these,

you did not do for Me either. 

Matthew 25:35-36, 40, 42-43, 45

Jesus was a refugee, how does that change the Christmas story for you and what are you going to about it?

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Here are a few helpful links to peruse if you are interested in engaging with this topic at a deeper level.

• Refugees are not dangerous, and in fact, the US legislation process of attaining refugee status in America is ridiculously tedious and difficult
• A website dedicated to petty much everything you need to know about the Syrian refugee crisis in the Middle East and Europe
• The crisis and its impact on refugees and children
  

Jesus Loves the Agnostics, the Atheists, and the "Spiritual but Not Religious"

Happy third Sunday of Advent! We have another guest blogger today, the one and only Will Lee.
Not only is he my husband, but he is also an intelligent theologian with heart for the marginalized.

Before you read, just watch this acapella Beach Boys cover of “We Three Kings”….crazy good.

Let’s be honest…

When anyone talks or sings about the magi/wise men/three kings during the holidays, you nod your head in agreement and think to yourself “Yea, I know who those guys are.”

*mind floats to nativity scene of men in kingly attire bowing before a white baby Jesus*

Regardless of what we think we know about the magi (e.g. there likely weren’t 3 of them and they likely weren’t kings - seriously folks, do some Google-ing and Wikipedia-ing, it’ll help ya), most of us probably haven’t given much thought to the magi’s role in the incarnation or why modern people should even care that some men traveled across Asia to bring a baby gold and spices.

For starters, Matthew’s Jewish Christian (people who are Jews ethnically and have chosen to follow Jesus) audience would have immediately viewed the magi negatively. Divination (including astrology) was strictly forbidden in the laws of Israel (Ex. 7-9; Deut. 18:9-12; Lev. 19:31 to name a few), *one red flag for Matthew’s audience*. Not to mention, the only other time magi are main characters in the scriptures is in Daniel 2:2-10 where they are depicted as selfish and incompetent in comparison to Daniel, *another red flag for Matthew’s audience*. Lastly, there was deep rooted and hateful xenophobia among 1^st century Jews, for they held the notion that all the Gentiles (non-Jews) stood in opposition to God’s purposes for Israel, *the 3^rd red flag for Matthew’s audience*. Yet, immediately upon their introduction, they ask “Where is the child who has been born king of the Jews? For we have observed his star at its rising and have to come to pay him homage [or worship him].” (Mt. 2:2) Matthew’s audience likely would have met these Pagan astrologers’ desire to worship the Christ child with deep suspicion, but as the narrative moves on, we see it is not the magi who they should be suspicious of.

We soon find out that “King Herod…was frightened” (Mt. 2:3) and in his fright he calls the religious leaders of the Jews together. It is important to note that during Herod’s reign, he was often referred to as king of the Jews which stands in direct conflict with the magi’s declaration that the king of the Jews has been born. On top of that, in the ancient world a sign in the stars was often indicative of the changing of the guard among a nation’s leadership. The Christ child’s birth causes deep fear within Herod for it means he will lose his power and authority, his only sense of security. The Jewish Christians in Matthew’s audience surely would have identified Herod as standing in the place of Pharaoh from the Exodus story: one who denies and fears the advance of Israel’s coming deliverer.

In calling the religious leaders together, they beautifully tell the prophecy of where the Christ child will be born, quoting Micah 5:2 and 2^nd Samuel 5:2. Shockingly, the religious leaders disappear from the narrative after that, but perhaps more importantly, they fail to go worship the newborn Messiah. Matthew’s audience would surely expect that the Jewish leadership, with their piety and deep knowledge of the scriptures would quickly travel to Bethlehem to worship. In a great twist, the people in positions of power stand in direct opposition to God’s purposes, while the Gentile, Pagan, magi are the ones who give the Messiah the proper and worthy response: worship (Mt. 2:10-12).

What I love about the story of the magi is that it forces the reader/hearer to identify and follow the story from the position you would least expect. Even though you have deep suspicions about the magi and their motives, you must reject Herod’s fear and rejection of the Messiah as well as the complacency of the religious leaders in not recognizing or responding to what God was doing. Being forced to identify with the magi and see the birth of Christ from their perspective, is certainly an uncomfortable place to be in. But I think that’s the point. Some scholars like to talk about Matthew’s congregation having just split with “the synagogue down the street”, meaning that they are fighting each other for membership. Matthew’s Jewish Christian congregation needed some encouragement, even convincing that this movement they decided to be a part of, really is the fulfillment of the story of Israel. What better way to encourage your people that the Jesus movement is legitimate, than by showing how the religious and political elite of Israel completely missed out on what God was doing?

Now, in forcing a reader/hearer to be uncomfortably identified with Pagan astrologers, Matthew not only legitimizes the Jesus movement for the Jewish Christians, he also forces them to consider the “other” as worthy recipients of the good news. There’s a good chance that in having a congregation that was ethnically Jewish, Matthew’s people didn’t have a positive relationship with Gentiles and were not actively spreading the contagious good news to all people. The story of the magi forces them to see, this isn’t just your story and your good news…it’s EVERYONE’S! What still strikes me is how this story doesn’t just encourage Matthew’s audience to spread the good news, it actually claims that the Gentiles understand what God is doing in the world better than the Jews! After all, a magi’s duty to his own ruler was to make their own king famous, which they certainly failed at. Not to mention, they spit in Herod’s face by calling this newborn child the “king of the Jews”. For the magi, the kings of the world don’t deserve worship or honor. They understand that it’s this newborn child in Bethlehem who is worthy of the utmost worship and is the true king.

In the same way, those of us who call ourselves Christians have a tendency to monopolize the market of God’s good news. Last year while in my work at a café, I was continually amazed by the depth of conversation about God I had with my co-workers. To be clear, these weren’t “Bible-believing, church attending Christians”. They were agnostics, atheists, “spiritual but not religious”…people who Christians (myself included) tend to view with a lot of suspicion and a general sense of “they don’t really get it.” Yet, the more I conversed with these people, the more I realized my suspicions were unfounded and untrue. These new friends of mine had profound capacities for understanding what God was up to in the world (even if they would never use that language). The Kingdom of God has a rhythm to it, and these people had that rhythm beating in their chest, and they were trying to figure out how to name and live in step with that rhythm. I would have been a fool to dismiss them as “less than” me, for I would have missed out on opportunities to experience and live out the good news of Jesus.

For Christians, the story of the magi puts us in a place of vulnerability, where we must acknowledge that not only is the good news for everyone, but everyone has the capacity to understand this good news (and the “other” understands it better than we can!). We are not the only ones who experience God, we are not the only ones who can see what God is doing in the world, and we certainly are not the only ones who can worship Jesus properly. (I still think some people expect that baby Jesus should have jumped out of his swaddling cloths and told the magi that they need to repent, but that detail is strikingly absent from the story). Get your head out of the sand, and look for the people on the margins who you undoubtedly have something to learn from about the Kingdom of God.

If you find yourself reading this and you’re not a Christian, you’re spiritual but not religious, agnostic, atheist, etc., you’re one of those people who Christians lump into that horrible “other” category, I just need to tell you that I’m sorry. I truly am. I’m sorry that I along with my brothers and sisters have dismissed your spiritual life and your gifts (like the magi) that you have sought to bring before God. This story tells you and me that Jesus accepts you and your offering just as you are. Maybe you find yourself groping, searching, longing for God that you might find God…I believe the Apostle Paul’s words are appropriate: “Indeed, God is not far from each one of us.” (Acts 17:27)

Grace and peace to all of you as you seek to experience and embody the good news of Jesus.

Jesus loves the Social Outcasts

Happy second Sunday of Advent! Today's reflection comes from my dear friend Molly Mathers. She's super smart and insightful, so congratulations to you for getting to reading her words.

“Baby Jesus was born in the dark of night, surrounded by his teenage parents and a handful of dirty animals as the instrumental sounds of ‘Silent Night’ filled the manger. Joseph took a selfie of the new family and posted it to Facebook— ‘And baby makes three!’ As the world heard of Jesus through social media, many made their way to Bethlehem to see the new family and offer unsolicited parenting advice.”

Luke 2 (2015 Translation)

Or maybe God took a slightly less conventional route when it came to announcing Jesus’ birth.

In the same region there were some shepherds staying out in the fields and keeping watch over their flock by night. And an angel of the Lord suddenly stood before them, and the glory of the Lord shone around them; and they were terribly frightened. But the angel said to them, “Do not be afraid, for behold, I bring you good news of great joy which will be for all the people; for today in the city of David there has been born for you a Savior who is Christ the Lord. This will be a sign for you: you will find a baby wrapped in cloths and lying in a manger. And suddenly there appeared with the angel a multitude of the heavenly host praising God and saying, “Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace among men with whom he is pleased.”

When the angels had gone away from them into heaven, the shepherds began saying to one another, “Let us go straight to Bethlehem then, and see this thing that has happened which the Lord has made known to us.” So they came in a hurry and found their way to Mary and Joseph, and the baby as he lay in the manger. When they had seen this, they made known the statement which had been told them about this Christ. And all who heard it wondered at the things which were told them by the shepherds. But Mary treasured all these things, pondering them in her heart. The shepherds went back, glorifying and praising God for all that they had heard and seen, just as had been told them.

Luke 2:8-20 (NRSV)

We associate shepherds with Old Testament heroes such as Abraham, Moses, and David, but by the time of Jesus’ birth shepherding had devolved from a noble calling to a job for second-class citizens. Shepherds were near the bottom of the social food chain. They were assumed thieves, for many allowed their flocks to graze off the produce of others’ land. The religious were forbidden from buying products from shepherds because they had most likely been stolen. Rabbis banned shepherding in Israel except on desert plains. Shepherds couldn’t hold government positions or even serve as witnesses in court because they were considered untrustworthy.

Think of the practical reality of life as a shepherd. Have you ever been on a camping trip longer than a weekend? How did you smell after a few days sleeping on the ground without a shower? Now add in a couple hundred sheep to the picture. Unfortunately most sheep don’t look like the cute little lamb pictured below. Sheep are notoriously dirty and stupid animals. Shepherds lived most of their lives outside away from society, constantly watching over and protecting their sheep from April to November. (Spoiler: scholars agree that Jesus’ birthday wasn’t December 25th.) All of this kept shepherds from holding to traditional Jewish laws of cleanliness, further alienating them from society.

These are not the kind of people I want coming to my firstborn’s baby shower. So why, after 400 years of silence from God, was “the radiance of God’s glory and the exact representation of his nature” (Hebrews 1:3) first revealed to a bunch of dirty, thieving social outcasts instead of to kings or important religious leaders? What does this reveal about the heart and character of God?

1. The good news is good for everyone. In the ancient world there was no one more important than Caesar. Each time a new Caesar was born, it was proclaimed as “good news” throughout the Roman Empire. Everyone had to celebrate, even though for most people this meant continued oppression through an unjust system. The angel’s proclamation that Jesus would bring joy to all people, including these marginalized shepherds, was unprecedented. Jesus would not perpetuate the system, he would deliver everyone (not only the Jews) from it. In this we see a foreshadowing of Jesus’ ministry and the message later proclaimed through the the New Testament. Jesus has come to deliver and redeem all things, beginning with a group of lowly shepherd boys outside Bethlehem.
2. The marginalized have a voice. Remember that Israel had been waiting for hundreds of years for their deliverer. The shepherds delivered the news that Jesus was to be this savior, Christ the Lord. “Christ” is not Jesus’ last name— it is a title meaning “anointed one,” the Messiah who was sent to deliver Israel. The angels could have come to anyone, but God entrusted this glorious announcement to shepherds, giving them a voice in the story. This is significant: the powerless and voiceless were given the task of proclaiming the most important and most glorious news that has ever come to humanity.
3. Stereotypes do not limit one’s place in God’s Kingdom. While some shepherds earned their poor reputation, others were victims of stereotypes and prejudice. The religious leaders generalized them into one category and re-enforced their ostracization. Despite this (or perhaps because of it) God drew them into the story and gave them a role to play in expanding the Kingdom. No matter how negatively society or religious leaders classify a group of people, they are not beyond the reach of what God can and will use to expand his Kingdom.

In light of the radical nature and announcement of Jesus’ birth, we must become introspective. Where are there parallels between shepherds and today’s society? Who is unexpectedly proclaiming good news today?  How do we let our prejudices limit the Kingdom? What people groups make us so uncomfortable or fearful that we simply tune them out?

Applying biblical truths of justice, equality, and love will help the Church navigate the thick layers of injustice that exist today.

Jesus Loves Women

Happy first Sunday of Advent!

Today we are going to talk about women. That's right, women: the role they play in the birth narrative of Jesus and the significance of their inclusion.

This is a topic near and dear to my heart, if you have not already figured that out.
So much so that this semester I wrote a paper entitled:

Jesus and Feminism:

Putting Women in Their Place

(I hope you can appreciate the note of sarcasm.)

In this paper I conducted a close exegesis of four passages throughout the Gospels that recount interactions Jesus had with women. In noting the cultural significance, I argued Jesus was in fact a feminist. Yay! 

DISCLAIMER: Everyone in the world has different experiences with feminism: some good, some not so good. So when I say "Jesus was a feminist," I am using the following definition from Sandra M. Schneiders:

A comprehensive ideology, rooted in women's experience of sexually-based oppression,

that engages in a critique of patriarchy as an essentially dysfunctional system,

embraces an alternative vision for humanity and the earth,

and actively seeks to bring this vision to realization.

Not all feminists are angry women who burn bras, just like not all Christians are conservative racists who love guns. 

(Stereotypes, am I right?)

So, for this post, and for posts to follow, please read with an open mind. Who knows, perhaps you might even learn something! 

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  O N  T H E  I N C A R N A T I O N

Ah yes, the incarnation. What does this intricate concept mean? Well, as always, let's begin with the dictionary definition.

In-car-na-tion:

noun

a person who embodies the flesh of a deity, spirit, or abstract quality.

Thanks again, Google. We could not do this without you.

In the context of Christian faith, this word incarnation bears great significance. From the reign of King David around 1000 BCE, Israel expectantly awaited a king to reign forever, a Messiah.

When your time comes and you rest with your fathers, I will raise up after you your descendant, 

who will come from your body, and I will establish his kingdom. 

He will build a house for My name, and I will establish the throne of his kingdom forever. 

I will be a father to him, and he will be a son to Me...

Your house and kingdom will endure before Me forever, 

and your throne will be established forever. 

II Samuel 7:12-14; 16

Then a shoot will grow from the stump of Jesse, and a branch from his roots will bear fruit. 

The Spirit of the LORD will rest on Him–

He will judge the poor righteously and execute justice for the oppressed of the land...

On that day the root of Jesse will stand as a banner for the peoples. 

The nations will seek Him, and His resting place will be glorious.

Isaiah 11:1-2; 4; 10

After centuries of awaiting the Messiah, the incarnation of the God of Israel is easily the pinnacle of Christian history. Yet instead of being born into riches and power, like most rulers of that time who claimed divinity, YHWH takes on flesh in a most scandalous way: through a poor teenage girl.

 Rejoice, favored woman! The Lord is with you...Do not be afraid Mary...

You will conceive and give birth to a son, and you will call his name Jesus. 

He will be great and will be called the Son of the Most High,

and the Lord God will give Him the throne of His father David.

He will reign over the house of Jacob forever, and His kingdom will have no end.

Luke 1:28, 30, 31-33 

The Son of the Most High chose a lowly, humble birth through a young, unmarried woman. The all powerful God could have chosen any other miraculous way to enter the earth, yet God chose vulnerability through a messy and risky birth.

God became entirely dependent upon a WOMAN for life.

And this woman, Mary, responded with exuberant gratitude:

My soul proclaims the greatness of the Lord, and my spirit has rejoiced in God my Savior,

because He has looked with favor on the humble condition of His servant. 

Surely, from now on all generations will call me blessed

because the Mighty One has done great things for me, 

and His name is holy.

Luke 2:46-49 

In a religious society that hinges on honor and shame, this was a bold act by Mary. She viewed the cultural shame that would be placed upon her and her family as far less than the honor of this invitation to participate in God's mission of redemption.

Because she was already in a position of powerlessness, she was more willing to accept the honor of carrying the Messiah. And by choosing natural birth through a woman, God chose humility so that all women may be dignified as worthy of inclusion.

.....

T H E  S I G N I F I C A N C E

Often the incarnation has been used to argue that God is a male, thankfully that is hardly the case! 

Jesus took on the male gender not to reveal the sex of God, 

rather to subvert the patriarchy and heal the divide 

between men and women. 

Within a patriarchal society, a man is granted greater privilege, authority, and opportunity than a woman. Knowing this, God took on the male gender as the most effective denunciation of justice.

Unfortunately, if Jesus came as a WOMAN, she would not have been taken seriously and perhaps her ministry might not have been as effective. Not because God is limited, but because of the confines of a fallen human society. 

If we look at the ministry of Jesus, he continually went out of his way to include the marginalized and lay down his privilege to the lift up the oppressed. 

He humanized the Samaritan woman by giving her a voice and credibility to testify.
He humanized the woman caught in adultery and treated her equal to the religious leaders. 
He humanized the hemorrhaging woman by seeing her not as "unclean," rather as a human in need healing.  

The list could go on! Each and every way Jesus includes women in his narrative speaks not only to God’s heart for the marginalized, but the necessity for women and men to fight for gender equality together. 

For all of humanity was created in the image of God: male and female. Therefore, humanity is not whole if one oppresses the other. Rather, we must learn to lift up, respect, and encourage one another.

.....

T H E  T A K E A W A Y 

It cannot be one sex versus the other. 

Those who benefit from an oppressive system must lay down their privilege to 

provide opportunities for those whom the system oppresses. 

Men and women need to work together.

Man cannot seek justice without woman, 

just as woman cannot seek justice without man. 

May we humble ourselves to say to the other, I need you as my equal partner. 

And may we see the other as created in the image of God. 

Together, woman and man reflect the likeness of God. 

Thank you for reading, and as always, I would love to engage in conversation if you have any questions on this topic. 

- - O V E R  A N D  O U T .

Jesus Loves the Marginalized

Turn on any news channel or social media feed and see the inescapable aches and pains of this world. Mothers losing daughters, fathers losing sons, peaceful protestors maced and attacked. Thousands of lives lost this week.

Our brothers and sisters in this world are being murdered, oppressed, and marginalized, and what are we light-skinned, privileged humans doing about it?

Themes of justice and equality have weighed heavily on heart as lately I have been coming to terms with my privileges and biases. I watch my brothers and sisters endure so much heartache and pain from the oppressors of this world and I only wonder what I can do to help.

For starters, be an advocate. 

I am slowly and humbly learning how to be a voice for those whose voices are ignored or silenced. In this day of technology and social media this presents an incredible opportunity.

As many of you know already, this blog was created for the intent of making a woman's voice and experience known as I journeyed through seminary. But I feel it is time to broaden the horizon.

I have recently changed programs, from Old Testament to Justice and Mission– for the reasons stated above. And as the next three years of my life will be focused on pursuing, knowing, and doing justice, I figured it would be appropriate (and necessary) to broaden the voices heard through this blog.

And what a brilliant way to kick off this new chapter with Advent beginning next week.

For those who do not know, Advent is part of the Christian tradition. It includes the four weeks leading up to Christmas and is meant to create space to contemplate the Divine, recount the birth narrative of the Messiah, and wait expectantly for the Deliverer of Justice.

As our friend Google defines it:

Ad-vent:

noun

the arrival of a notable person, thing, or event.

The reality is, Jesus entered into a violent world not as a privileged king, but as a lowly Jewish boy born to lowly Jewish parents.

We can learn so much of the heart and character of God through the narrative of the incarnation. So as the season of Advent begins next Sunday, I am beginning a series which focus on a different marginalized groups Jesus chose to include in his birth.

This series is entitled:

Jesus Loves the Marginalized

Jesus loves the marginalized, the oppressed, the refugees, the outcasts, and the privileged. And I hope this study will help us all to love each other a little bit more, and grow in compassion for those in need.

Come thou long expected Jesus

Born to set thy people free

From our fears and sins release us

Let us find our rest in thee

Born thy people to deliver

Born a child and yet a king

Born to reign forever

Now thy gracious kingdom bring

UNTIL NEXT SUNDAY

- - O V E R  A N D  O U T .

F is for Feminism and Foreskins

I am now officially over a month into my seminary career, and it has been quite the ride already. 

I have learned some stuff, met some people, and read a million pages of various books.

For anyone who knows me, you know I have mastered the skill of doing as little as possible to still pass a class. That means: almost never reading, writing papers the night before, and showing up to class at least 75% of the time. 

Well, I decided this time around I would be more responsible...which means I actually have to contribute to my education and put forth effort to learn. WHAT. 

However, I am finding reading for class makes learning much easier! Imagine that. 

I am also discovering some really funny and empowering stories tucked away in the Hebrew Bible. 

L I K E  T H E  F O L L O W I N G . . .

(This picture is not entirely relevant to the rest of the post, I just like pictures)

In reading through Exodus for my Old Testament class, I came upon a gem of a passage. It includes drama, a death threat, feminism, and forced circumcision. Everything needed for a great story.

B U T  F I R S T : a quick narrative background. 

Background: Moses was a Hebrew boy born in Egypt during a time when the Pharaoh had ordered the death of every newborn Hebrew boy– the Hebrew population was growing too numerous. Being the sneaky mom she was, Moses' mother placed him in a basket and floated him along the banks of the nile. Luckily, the Pharaoh's daughter found him while bathing, raised him, and he became a prominent member in Egyptian society. 
One day Moses witnessed an Egyptian beating a Hebrew slave, out of anger he killed the Egyptian. When word had spread of this incident, Moses fled to the land of Midian where he gallantly saved seven sisters from creepy shepherds who tried to assert their authority over the women and steal all the water from the well. The father of the sisters was so happy he gave his daughter Zipporah in marriage to Moses. Classic patriarchy. 
He lived in Midian with his new family for quite a long time, until the famous burning bush incident- where God spoke to Moses through a burning bush telling him to leave Midian and return to Egypt to save Israel. 
So Moses, Zipporah, and their son took off for Egypt and this is where our story begins.

On the trip, at an overnight campsite, it happened that the LORD confronted
 [Moses] and sought to put him to death. So Zipporah took a flint,

cut off her son's foreskin, and threw it at Moses' feet. 

Then she said, "You are a bridegroom of blood to me!"

So the LORD let him alone.

(Exodus 4:24-25)

THIS IS THE WORD OF THE LORD. 

When I first read this, my reaction was:

"What the crap is this?"

Which slowly turned into:

"Haha, foreskins."

Which eventually became:

"FEMINISM!"

Let me give you a little more background. CIRCUMCISION was the sign of the Covenant YHWH created with Abraham – the Father of Israel. This was an outward sign of one's faithfulness to the God of Israel, so every man in the tribe was to be circumcised or be cast out. For Israel, circumcision happened on the 8th day after a boy was born to symbolize one's willingness to submit himself to YHWH. For Egypt, circumcision happened (if at all) at the age of fourteen to symbolize coming into manhood. 

If Moses was to deliver a nation who is in covenant with YHWH, and he was not practicing the commands of that covenant with his own son, that would be awkward. And if Moses was to lead the nation of Israel, he learned the hard way that he would be held under strict discipline to be an example for YHWH's people.

Now, scholars debate whether or not it was actually YHWH who threatened to kill Moses, but that is not what is important in this passage. What is important is that Moses' life was at stake and Zipporah did something about it.

Take a moment and picture what went down. Let your imagination go wild. 

What would you do if you were traveling with your family and your husband's (or your) life was threatened because your son was not circumcised? Would you have the chutzpah to circumcise your son and throw it at your spouse's feet?

Zipporah delivered Moses so Moses could deliver Israel. 

I was going to end this study here. I was going to make a claim for women empowerment and note the significance of how Zipporah appeased YHWH on Moses' behalf. However, I realized there is much more to the story.

As I reflected upon Moses' life, I realized he had a habit of being saved by women.

The Hebrew midwives honoring life when Pharaoh ordered the death of all Hebrew baby boys:

"The Hebrew women are not like the Egyptian women,

for they are vigorous and give birth before the 

midwife can get to them"

(Exodus 1:19)

His mother bravely defying Pharaoh's commands to keep her son alive:

The woman became pregnant and gave birth to a son;
when she saw that he was beautiful, she hid him
for three months. But when she could
no longer hid him, she got a papyrus basket...
She placed the child in it and set it among
the reeds by the bank of the Nile.
(Exodus 2:2-3)

The Pharaoh's daughter graciously taking Moses in as her own:

Pharaoh's daughter went down to bathe at the Nile
while her servant girls walked along the riverbank. 
Seeing the basket among the reeds, she sent her slave girl to get it. 
When she opened it, she saw the child –
a little boy, crying. 
She felt sorry for him and said,
"This is one of the Hebrew boys."


W H A T  I S  T H E  S I G N I F I C A N C E ?

In this, we see YHWH including women in the narrative of Israel's deliverance from Egypt. In the midst of Patriarchy, Moses could not have been a woman, she would not have been taken seriously or allowed the same opportunities as a man. YHWH knew this, YHWH understood the culture with which YHWH was interacting. So YHWH used women in multiple instances to save Moses' life as a means to honor them. Without the courage and resourcefulness of all these women, Israel's history might have looked different. 

From this we understand that YHWH's heart has always been and will always be for the outcasts. YHWH could have easily chosen men to save Moses' life, yet women were chosen instead. YHWH chose to include women in the Exodus narrative as a way of saying:

You are worthy enough to be in My story. 

I see value in your gifts and character. 
Even though society pushes you down, I will lift you up. 

T H E  T A K E A W A Y :

Women, be encouraged that our voices are present in the Bible. 

We just need to shift the frame through which we read in order to hear. 

Do not be ashamed if you notice something patriarchy glances over or belittles. 

Your voice and your experience matters when you read Scripture, in fact, it is valued. 

We need more women and other minorities to speak up about your experiences when reading the Bible. 

Do not let the patriarchy bring you down. 

Thank you for reading. I would love to continue in conversation if you have questions. 

- - O V E R  A N D  O U T .

The (S)Hebrew Bible

As promised, I am writing a bit about my passion, fascination, and wonder of the Hebrew Bible. Or the (S)Hebrew Bible. I just made that up. Feminism. 

Raise your hand if you find the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament) boring and confusing. 

Don't be shy, no one's looking. 

I'll admit, for the majority of my life I thought the Hebrew Bible pointless and annoying. Sure, Song of Songs made me giggle, and I guess the story of Moses was cool. But the rest of the stories did not excite me. It was just a bunch of weird names I could not pronounce of people who lived a ridiculously long time. 

Now, raise your hand if you find the Hebrew Bible violent and immoral. 

Incest, polygamy, genocide, deceit. Yikes. Those are some very mature themes the people of God decided to include in the holy scriptures. I know many a person who has either lost faith or dramatically stumbled over these themes, and rightly so. At first glance, they seem to portray the God of love and mercy as a God of anger and wrath. 

Finally, raise your hand if the Hebrew Bible has ever been used to oppress you.

A collection of books that is meant for freedom, equality, and justice is being used for oppression and injustice, what? Classic human nature. Women, it is unfortunate that this is all too real of a statement. Men, I'm sure you've been oppressed too, but it does not seem fair the entirety of scripture was written and pieced together in an incredibly patriarchal society. Without proper exegesis, these stories simply do not translate into our modern society. Along with gender inequality comes racial, socio-economic, and religious oppression. How do you think our Native American brothers and sisters feel when they read how God's people committed genocide on the Canaanites simply to take the land that was promised to them? Sounds a little too familiar to our American history.

This is precisely what I love about the Hebrew Bible. 

I T ' S  M E S S Y .

The Hebrew Bible undeniably does a great job at capturing the messiness of humanity. It is multifaceted. Everyone who comes to the Scriptures brings their own life experience,  and sometimes the outcome can be less than favorable. 

This collection of books is richly steeped in its culture. In order to understand the Hebrew Bible, we must understand the cultural world in which it was created. 

As good old Fee and Stuart once said, 

A text cannot mean what it never could have meant to its author or his or her readers. 

The key to understanding the Hebrew Bible is solid exegesis.

Ex-e-ge-sis:

noun

critical explanation or interpretation of a text, especially of scripture.

Thank you Google for that enlightening definition. 

--------

Now let's practice exegesis. 

This exegesis comes from one of the best podcasts I have every heard:

RobCast Episode 8: The Enduring Relevance, Astonishing Power, and Unexpected Brilliance of the Bible

T O  C L E A R  T H E  A I R :

Yes I listen to Rob Bell, and yes I think he is an incredibly gifted teacher. Regardless of where you stand with the whole, LOVE WINS debacle, Rob Bell still has many insightful and relevant teachings. 

So for a moment, let us lay down our pride and prejudices– not the novel by Jane Austen, rather the character traits we all have– and continue reading with an open hand as we delve right into one of the most offensive passages in the Hebrew Bible. 

Deuteronomy 21:10-14

When you go to war against your enemies and the LORD your God hands them over to you and you take some of them prisoner, and if you see a beautiful woman among the captives, desire her, and want to take her as your wife, you are to bring her into your house. She must shave her head, trim her nails, remove the clothes she was wearing when she was taken prisoner, live in your house, and mourn for her father and mother a full month. After that, you may have sexual relations with her and be her husband, and she will be your wife. Then if you are not satisfied with her, you are to let her go where she wants, but you must not sell her for money or treat her as merchandise, because you have humiliated her. 

Y I K E S . 

How is this allowed in our holy Scriptures? 

I'm sure all you women (and men) out there are incredibly offended. I know when I first read this passage I was! It is passages like this that enrage me and only add kindle to the fire of disliking the Old Testament. 

But what was it saying in its time?

Let us take a look into Ancient Near Eastern culture regarding the rules of war. 

In the ANE, if you crush an army, everything that was once theirs becomes yours and is treated like objects to do whatever you want with. 

That includes women. If you kill a man and find his wife attractive, you can take her home with you to be your wife and do whatever you want with. 

We see this concept in the Deuteronomy passage, yet something is different. 

1. She must shave her head, trim her nails, remove the clothes she was wearing when she was taken prisoner, live in your house, and mourn for her father and mother a full month.

This is humanizing the woman! By allowing her to mourn, the Israelites acknowledged her as a human being with emotions and gave her time to process losing her husband, family, and everything she once knew. 

Believe it or not, this was a radical step forward for women's rights in its time. To treat a woman like a human being, not a piece of property to do whatever you wanted with? The audacity! 

2.  Then if you are not satisfied with her, you are to let her go where she wants, but you must not sell her for money or treat her as merchandise, because you have humiliated her.

In the ANE, women had no rights. So, it was lawful to cast her out, or even sell her for money, if you were not pleased with her sexually. However, with no where to go, women often turned to prostitution in order to survive. 

Israel, however, was commanded to let her go free, which included giving her a certificate of divorce so she would have legal standing and a greater chance of survival without prostituting herself. 

Again, a radical step forward for women's rights!

When we read this in 2015 with no contextual understanding, this passage seems like an offensive, oppressive, and revolting text. But when we look at it through the lens of ANE culture, we see it is ruffling the feathers of patriarchy with the daring notion women are human beings and not objects. 

Now, have we come a long way in regards to women's rights since Deuteronomy 21? YES. 

Do we still have a long ways to go today in the quest for women's rights? YES. 

Society is still run by men. Prostitution still exists. Women are still raped. Women are still paid less.

It is important to understand that, 

The Bible exists on a continuum of human growth and consciousness. 

Through the entirety of Scripture, we see humanity growing and maturing on matters of human rights, justice, and equality. We have come a long ways, but we still have far to go. 

Let us read the Bible with grace, patience, and understanding– 

humanity and culture are in an entirely different place 

than we were thousands of years ago. 

Let us take the time to understand the cultural context of the passage we read 

instead of jumping to conclusions and casting it off. 

Let us remember the messiness of humanity, 

where we were and how far we have come. 

Let us treat the word of God with respect.

Thank you for reading. I would love to continue in conversation if you have questions. 

- - O V E R  A N D  O U T .